Characteristics of Climate Element Changes and Mango Planting Climate Suitability Changes in Panxi Region Under Global Warming

AbstractBased on the observation data of 32 meteorological stations in Panxi and surrounding areas from 1961 to 2020 and Digital Elevation Model (DEM) data, the climate suitability zoning indicators for mango planting in Panxi region are comprehensively determined. Using linear trend analysis and regression methods, a grid calculation model for zoning indicators is established to analyze the changes in zoning indicators and the suitability of mango planting in Panxi region during the two periods of 1961–1990 and 1991–2020. The results show that the annual average temperature, ≥ 10℃ accumulated temperature, and overwintering average temperature in Panxi region show a high in the south and low in the north characteristic, increasing or adding at a rate of 0.2℃/10a, 86℃∙d/10a, 0.3℃/10a respectively; the sunshine duration is generally distributed in a zonal pattern, increasing at a rate of 16.3h/10a. The main mango planting areas in Panxi region are concentrated in the southwest, the suitable areas are mainly distributed in the central part of Panzhihua City, the sub-suitable areas are mainly located in the central and southern parts of Panzhihua City and Huili City, and the unsuitable areas are mainly concentrated in the central and northern parts. After 1990, the area of suitable climate for mango planting in Panxi region increased by 21.55 × 102 km2, an increase of 3.2%; the area of sub-suitable area increased by 50.96 × 102 km2, an increase of 7.5%; the area of unsuitable area decreased by 72.51 × 102 km2, a decrease of 10.7%. The highest altitude of the suitable area increased by 161m, the highest altitude of the sub-suitable area increased by 221m, the suitable range moved to high-altitude areas, the planting boundary moved northward, and global warming is generally beneficial to mango planting in Panxi.