Hodgkin’s Lymphoma and Klinefelter Syndrome: a Description of the Clinical Case

Klinefelter syndrome is the most common chromosomal abnormality among others and is manifested mainly by hypogonadism, gynecomastia, and infertility. Against the background of KS, oncological diseases can develop, more often nodular lymphocyte-predominant Hodgkin lymphoma (NLPHL) due to genetic reparations, as well as osteoporosis as a result of androgen deficiency. This article describes a clinical case of a patient with Klinefelter syndrome and the onset of Hodgkin’s lymphoma (HL) in order to assess the risk of osteopenia/osteoporosis in this patient. A patient with previously diagnosed KS went to the doctor complaining of weakness, fatigue, weight loss, local enlargement of the inguinal lymph nodes. The patient was diagnosed with NLPHL and standard pathogenetic therapy was performed. Taking into account the presence of risk factors for osteoporosis (the presence of Klinefelter syndrome, HL, chemotherapy), the patient underwent two-energy densitometry in the lumbar spine, neck and proximal femur in order to assess the condition of bone tissue. As a result, a decrease in bone mineral density was found in all measurement areas. This clinical case describes a rather rare combination of three significantly different nosologies. Interestingly, two of them, namely HL and Klinefelter syndrome, contribute to the development of the third through various mechanisms. The presence of a decrease in bone density in this patient necessitates prevention. Despite the rare occurrence of such combined pathologies, the issue of timely diagnosis and prevention of complications from the musculoskeletal system in this category of patients remains relevant today