PREVALENCE OF MAXILLOFACIALFRACTURES REPORTEDAT ADHIPARASAKTHI DENTAL COLLEGE AND HOSPITAL, MELMARUVATHUR, TAMILNADU, INDIA

Background: This retrospective study reviews the maxillofacial fractures over a 2 year period at Adhiparasakthi dental college and hospital Melmaruvathur, tamilnadu, India Introduction: To analyze the most frequent causes, sites, treatment modalities,age and gender wise distribution of maxillofacial fractures. Study design: Over a two-year period (from Jan2020 to Dec 2021), the medical records and radiographs (OPG, PA mandible, occipitomental and submentovertex view) of 223 patients treated for maxillofacial fractures at Adhiparasakthi dental college and Hospital were reviewed. A variety of parameters were assessed and recorded, including the patient's age, gender, race, occupation, and mechanism of injury, type of facial injuries, treatment modality, and postoperative complications. Results: Medical records of 223 patients with maxillofacial fractures were reviewed. Among them 184 (82.5%) had mandibular fractures whereas 39 (17.5%) had midface fractures. Most patients with mandibular fractures had fractures of the symphysis and parasymphysis 62(27.8%) while fractures of the zygomaticomaxillary complex (ZMC) were more common in the midface 15 (6.7%). Most patients were in the 21-30 year old age group, and the male: female ratio was 2.8:1. Road traffic collision was the most common cause that accounted for 127 (57%) of cases. Maxillomandibular fixation (MMF) was the most common type of treatment modality used, 129 (58%) cases were treated with this method and 42% were treated by ORIF+IMF. Conclusion: The most common etiology of maxillofacial injury was road traffic accidents (RTA) followed by falls and assaults, the sports injuries seem to be very less.The majority of victims of RTA were young adult males between the ages of 21 to 30 years.Mandible was the most common sites of fracture,followed by the maxilla. Majority of mandibular fracture occurred at symphsis and parasymphsis region,In Maxilla, majority of the fracture occurred at zygomatic complex region.Majority of cases were treated with maxillomandibular fixation (MMF). Open reduction and internal fixation were performed for indicated fracture patients.Clinical Significance: This research has essential significance in the specialty of maxillofacial surgery.It presents the occurrence of maxillofacial fractures in a particular population and also the ability of a dental surgeon in treating and restoring normal function in the maxillofacial region