OPTIMISATION METHOD FOR OBTAINING A BIOLOGICALLY ACTIVE SUBSTANCES FROM THE PLANT PETROSIMONIA BRACHIATA

Kazakhstan is rich in medicinal plants, so it needs to be studied. Ten species of the Petrosimonia  belonging to the Chenopodiaceae family are growing in Kazakhstan. These plants have been adapted to harsh climatic conditions in the country’s salty, saline, and desert areas. Petrosimonia plants are a new species that has not been fully studied. Chinese scientists studied Petrosimonia sibirica species and found that the plant contains alkaloids, steroids, terpenes, flavonoids, and phenolic acids and has antibacterial activity (Wen, 2015; Ying, 2016). The qualitative and quantitative compositions of biologically active substances in P. sibirica, P. Glaucescens, P. triandra, and P. brachiata growing in Kazakhstan were studied. To prepare phytopreparations from P. Sibirica, P. Glaucescens and P. triandra plants were extracted using the classical maceration method, and individual representatives of biologically active compounds were isolated (Toktarbek, 2021; Seitimova, 2022). In this study, a phytochemical study of P. brachiata was conducted. The method for obtaining biologically active complexes with high efficiency was optimised by using supercritical fluid and ultrasonic extraction methods. These methods have a short extraction time, can be carried out at room temperature, are cost effective, and are a modern green chemical approach. Using supercritical fluid CO2 extraction (180 bar, 2 hours), the plant was purified from lipophilic substances. Further, a biologically active complex was obtained by pouring 70% ethanol-water solvent into the plant raw material and performing ultrasound extraction. The obtained complex was analysed by thin-layer chromatography using different organic solvent systems. Based on our analysis, steroids, terpenes, phenolic acids, and flavonoid glycosides were found in the extract. Hexane and ethyl acetate fractions were obtained as a result of liquid-liquid extraction of the extract using organic solvents. Stigmasterol 3-O-β-D-galactopyranoside, isovanillic acid, quercetin 3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside, and isorhamnetin 3-O-α-L-rhamnopyranoside  were isolated by washing the hexane and ethyl acetate fractions in a silica gel column with an organic solvent system. The isolated compounds will be tested for biological activity.