Transforming Problem-Based Learning through Abductive Reasoning

Background: Hypothetico-deductive reasoning is the current approach for reasoning through care situations within problem-based learning (PBL). While this approach is widely used in both PBL and non-PBL curricula, abductive reasoning is recommended (as an alternative approach) due to its broader method for analyzing and explaining care situations within problem-based learning. Method: A step-by-step process rooted in abductive reasoning is proposed and demonstrated as a new way of examining and explaining care situations within problem-based learning. Results: The proposed strategy emphasizes the creation of hypotheses through phenomena detection, development of a causal model, identification of learning needs, recognition of salience, synthesis and reflection. Conclusion: Since the proposed approach has not been implemented previously, its practical implications require research attention which will contribute to the emerging field of abductive reasoning within nursing education.