Assessment of the psychoemotional state of patients with oncological diseases of the maxillofacial region at different stages of treatment and rehabilitation

Background. Oncological lesions of the maxillofacial region are accompanied not only by pronounced anatomical and functional impairments, but also by significant psychoemotional disturbances. However, the comprehensive analysis of psychoemotional dynamics in these patients remains insufficiently investigated. Purpose – to study the dynamics of psycho-emotional state of patients with oncological pathology of maxillofacial region at different stages of treatment and rehabilitation, as well as to determine its dependence on the localization of the tumor process, the severity of anatomical, functional, and aesthetic disorders, and their impact on the course of the treatment and rehabilitation process. Materials and methods. 85 patients with oncological lesions of maxillofacial region were examined. The psychoemotional status was evaluated using a modified scale for anxiety and depression assessment and integral psychoemotional index (IPEI) upon admission, at the pre-, and postoperative period. Statistical analysis was carried out. Results. The most pronounced psychoemotional disturbances were recorded upon admission: anxiety – 12.4 points, depression – 10.8 points, IPEI – 2.31 units. At the preoperative stage, these indicators significantly decreased to 10.6; 9.1 and 1.87 units, respectively (p < 0.05). The lowest levels were registered after operative treatment: anxiety – 7.3 points, depression – 6.2 points, IPEI – 1.28 units (p < 0.01). A statistically significant dependence on tumor localization was identified: the highest IPEI values were observed in patients with lesions of the nasal cavity and maxillary sinus (2.61 units), intermediate – upper jaw and alveolar ridge (1.93 units), and the lowest – hard and soft palate lesions (1.42 units) (p < 0.01). Female and younger patients demonstrated significantly higher levels of anxiety and depression. Conclusions. In patients with oncological lesions of the maxillofacial region, a significant reduction in anxiety and depression levels was observed on the HADS scale from the stage of admission to the postoperative rehabilitation period.