Microbiota in Food Sensitivities and Allergies

Food allergy is known to result due to a highly intricate interplay between food antigens, host immunity, and intestinal microbe composition. Imbalances in these factors could result in hypersensitivity. Pathways in food allergy include alterations in epithelial cell/tissue regeneration, along with improper immunity against food antigens, which leads to a boosted T-helper cell type 2 (Th2) response. Intestinal epithelial cells, which include stem cells, Paneth cells, mucus secreting goblet cells, and tuft cells, have been analyzed in terms of epithelial integrity. Inclusion of intestinal microbe composition also discovers gut microbe roles in epithelial cell/pathophysiology, which underlines short-chain fatty acid-mediated functions, microbial lactate, which points to other microbe metabolites. Inclusion of gut microbe composition on gut epithelial cell/pathophysiology also underlines microbe functions in maintaining epithelial cell/pathophysiology, clues of which include microbe-mediated secure functioning of tight junction proteins.