Frequency of Causes of Female Infertility Diagnosed Through Laparoscopy among Women Presenting with Infertility

Objective: The study aimed to determine the frequency of causes of female infertility diagnosed through laparoscopy among women presenting with infertility. Methods: The study started from October 15, 2023, to March 15, 2024, at Obstetrics and Gynecology Department of MTI-HMC Peshawar. We enrolled 209 infertile females of age between 18 and 40 years who underwent diagnostic laparoscopy by non-probability consecutive sampling. W recorded clinical and demographic variables such as age, body mass index (BMI), duration of infertility, socio-economic status, resident and a family history of infertility. Researchers examined various factors that could lead to infertility, including endometriosis, polycystic ovarian syndrome, and tubal an uterine factors. For the assessment of effect modifier chi-square test was applied. p-value ≤ 0.05 was taken as significant after stratification was done according to age and BMI. Results: The mean age of participants was 29.27 ± 6.665 years, and the mean BMI was 26.182 ± 4.4508 kg/m². The most common causes of infertility diagnosed via laparoscopy were uterine causes (51.2%), polycystic ovary syndrome (47.8%), tubal factor (45.9%), and endometriosis (45.0%). No significant associations were found between these causes and age or BMI stratifications (p>0.05). Conclusions: Laparoscopy remains an essential tool for the diagnosis of uterine reasons and polycystic ovarian syndrome, the two most prevalent causes of female infertility. The identification of these characteristics can lead to improved clinical care and therapeutic outcomes for infertile women.