Surgical Outcomes of Endoscopic Transsphenoidal Pituitary Surgery

Introduction: Pituitary adenoma are common benign tumors of the brain and causes significant symptoms due to hormonal imbalances (mostly functional pituitary adenoma) and their mass effect on surrounding structures (majority of nonfunctional pituitary adenoma). The aim of this study was to find out the surgical outcomes of endoscopic trans-sphenoidal approach in terms of safety, effectiveness, per-op and post-op complications and relieve of symptoms. Methodology: This study was conducted at Ali Institute of Neurosciences and Irfan General Hospital, Peshawar, from April 2019 to April 2021. Patients diagnosed with pituitary adenomas (confirmed by MRI) and treated with the endoscopic trans-sphenoidal approach were included. Demographic data was collected, and outcomes were assessed post-surgery and at 6-month follow-up. Data were analyzed using SPSS version-26. Results: The majority of participants were male (65%) with a mean age of  31 years (range 22-28). Most patients presented with headaches (76%) and visual disturbances (60%), while 53% had hormonal imbalances. Post-surgery  100% reported headache relief  87% showed visual  improvements measured by Humphrey perimeter and visual acuity tests, and 97% had favorable endocrinological outcomes based on hormonal profile assessments. Conclusion: When treating pituitary adenoma, the endoscopic trans-sphenoidal approach is a safe and successful surgical technique that is linked to better patient results and satisfaction. Complications from the operation include intercavernous sinus hemorrhage, diabetes insipidus, hypopituitarism and CSF leakage. Keywords: Adenoma, Endoscopic trans-sphenoidal, Microscopic trans-sphenoidal, Pituitary adenoma