Post-Traumatic Facial Asymmetry: Surgical Strategies for Correction and Rehabilitation

The development of the body and face is expected to occur in a symmetrical manner. However, facial asymmetry may occur due to various developmental and acquired conditions. Facial asymmetry is associated with multiple functional and aesthetic consequences. Facial trauma is a leading cause of facial asymmetry in adults and children. Post-traumatic facial asymmetry can result in sudden physical and psychological distress, especially in young patients. Treatment of post-traumatic facial asymmetry is challenging due to the involvement of various contributing factors, such as associated injuries, patient’s age, and comorbidities. Surgical correction of facial asymmetry has been discussed in previous studies. However, studies focusing on surgical correction of post-traumatic facial asymmetry are still lacking. This review aims to discuss posttraumatic facial asymmetry surgical correction strategies. Surgical strategies for post-traumatic facial asymmetry can be classified into orbit correction, nose correction, malar eminence and zygomatic projection correction, malocclusion correction, and ankylosis occlusion. Timely intervention combined with tailored surgical and orthodontic strategies offers the best chance for restoring both facial harmony and quality of life in affected patients.