2. A map of earlier medieval philosophy

‘A map of earlier medieval philosophy’ outlines the development of medieval philosophy in its different traditions beginning with the Platonic schools of late antiquity. The five originators of the medieval traditions were Augustine, Boethius, ‘pseudo-Dionysius’, John Philoponus, and Sergius of Resh‘aynā. The most powerful 7th-century philosopher in Byzantium was Maximus the Confessor. In the West, key thinkers included Alcuin and Anselm. The beginnings of Arabic philosophy—kalām and falsafa—and their exponents, including al-Kindī and Avicenna, are then discussed before moving on to Peter Abelard and his 12th-century Latin philosophy, and Muslim and Jewish philosophy in the Islamic West with Averroes and Maimonides.