An Analysis of the Legal Dimensions of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization and the Legal Effects of Iran's Accession to the SCO from an International Law Perspective

The focus of this study is to analyze the legal aspects of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO) and the implications of Iran joining the organization, with a specific focus on international law. The research employs a descriptive-analytical approach, utilizing various library resources to gather information. The SCO places a high priority on regional security, with all members committed to implementing the SCO treaty's provisions on countering terrorism, separatism, and extremism. Unlike other organizations such as NATO and the Warsaw Pact, the SCO values equal cooperation among its members and does not impose the ideologies of major powers on smaller countries. The organization promotes pluralism in participation and encourages bilateral and multilateral cooperation in areas such as commerce and economics. The Shanghai Declaration emphasizes the need to utilize the extensive potential and opportunities in these fields, with talks on trade and investment facilitation taking place within the SCO framework. Efforts to create regional security through peaceful resolution of all disputes in accordance with UN resolutions, concerns about the situation in Afghanistan as a serious threat to regional and global peace and stability, and opening political dialogue to promote mutual trust and greater multilateral cooperation are among the principles of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization.