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Locating Advantages
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Among all the states that emerged during the Period of Division in China, the Särbi (Ch. Xianbei) Tuyuhun kingdom was the longest lasting. Why was it able to keep its ethnic and political identity for so long? Tuyuhun’s geographical location and ecological conditions in the northeast section of the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau benefited the state in several ways. They enabled the development of a multi-ethnic power with a self-sufficient mixed economy. Its distance from major powers in North and South China and on the Mongolian steppe protected Tuyuhun from annexation and offered it space to develop. Tuyuhun’s control over the so-called Qinghai road, a branch of the Silk Road south of the Hexi corridor, raised its status as a crucial intermediary for trade and regional diplomacy during the Period of Division. Tuyuhun was able to rise and flourish when North China was weak but lost its locational advantage when caught between the unified and expansive Tang and Tibetan empires; its land was subsequently incorporated into the Tibetan empire. Understanding Tuyuhun history illuminates important interactions between nomadic and agrarian societies in the history of Inner Asia and East Asia.
D’entre tous les États qui ont émergé pendant la période de division en Chine, le plus durable a été le royaume Särbi (ch. Xianbei) de Tuyuhun. Comment a-t-il réussi à préserver son identité ethnique et politique aussi longtemps? Sa situation géographique et l’écologie de la partie nord-est du plateau tibétain qu’il occupait y ont contribué de plusieurs façons. Elles ont favorisé le développement d’un système de pouvoir pluriethnique appuyé sur une économie mixte autosuffisante. La distance séparant le royaume Tuyuhun des puissances qui dominaient la Chine du Nord et du Sud et la steppe mongole le protégeait des tentatives d’annexation et lui laissait un espace de développement. En contrôlant la “route du Qinghai” — une branche de la Route de la Soie au sud du corridor du Hexi —, L’État Tuyuhun a acquis le statut d’intermédiaire indispensable en matière de commerce et de diplomatie régionale pendant la période de division. Mais s’il avait pu prospérer grâce à la faiblesse de la Chine du Nord, il a perdu son avantage géographique lorsqu’il s’est trouvé pris entre deux empires unifiés et en pleine expansion, les Tang et le Tibet, ce dernier ayant fini par incorporer son territoire. La compréhension de l’histoire des Tuyuhun met en évidence d’importantes interactions entre les sociétés nomades et agrariennes au cours de l’histoire de l’Asie centrale et orientale.
Title: Locating Advantages
Description:
Among all the states that emerged during the Period of Division in China, the Särbi (Ch.
Xianbei) Tuyuhun kingdom was the longest lasting.
Why was it able to keep its ethnic and political identity for so long? Tuyuhun’s geographical location and ecological conditions in the northeast section of the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau benefited the state in several ways.
They enabled the development of a multi-ethnic power with a self-sufficient mixed economy.
Its distance from major powers in North and South China and on the Mongolian steppe protected Tuyuhun from annexation and offered it space to develop.
Tuyuhun’s control over the so-called Qinghai road, a branch of the Silk Road south of the Hexi corridor, raised its status as a crucial intermediary for trade and regional diplomacy during the Period of Division.
Tuyuhun was able to rise and flourish when North China was weak but lost its locational advantage when caught between the unified and expansive Tang and Tibetan empires; its land was subsequently incorporated into the Tibetan empire.
Understanding Tuyuhun history illuminates important interactions between nomadic and agrarian societies in the history of Inner Asia and East Asia.
D’entre tous les États qui ont émergé pendant la période de division en Chine, le plus durable a été le royaume Särbi (ch.
Xianbei) de Tuyuhun.
Comment a-t-il réussi à préserver son identité ethnique et politique aussi longtemps? Sa situation géographique et l’écologie de la partie nord-est du plateau tibétain qu’il occupait y ont contribué de plusieurs façons.
Elles ont favorisé le développement d’un système de pouvoir pluriethnique appuyé sur une économie mixte autosuffisante.
La distance séparant le royaume Tuyuhun des puissances qui dominaient la Chine du Nord et du Sud et la steppe mongole le protégeait des tentatives d’annexation et lui laissait un espace de développement.
En contrôlant la “route du Qinghai” — une branche de la Route de la Soie au sud du corridor du Hexi —, L’État Tuyuhun a acquis le statut d’intermédiaire indispensable en matière de commerce et de diplomatie régionale pendant la période de division.
Mais s’il avait pu prospérer grâce à la faiblesse de la Chine du Nord, il a perdu son avantage géographique lorsqu’il s’est trouvé pris entre deux empires unifiés et en pleine expansion, les Tang et le Tibet, ce dernier ayant fini par incorporer son territoire.
La compréhension de l’histoire des Tuyuhun met en évidence d’importantes interactions entre les sociétés nomades et agrariennes au cours de l’histoire de l’Asie centrale et orientale.
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