Modern approaches to enhancing the biosynthetic potential of Streptomyces avermitilis

Streptomyces avermitilis is one of the most intensively studied actinobacteria due to its ability to produce a wide range of bioactive secondary metabolites, including antibiotics and avermectins, which are valuable in medicine, veterinary practice, and agriculture. Enhancing the biosynthetic potential of S. avermitilis is a key direction in modern biotechnology. This study aims to analyze current approaches to improving the biosynthetic capacity of S. avermitilis and to highlight the role of exogenous metabolites in optimizing the production of valuable compounds. A critical review of recent scientific literature was conducted to summarize genetic, metabolic, and cultivation strategies for increasing the yield of target metabolites. Particular attention was given to the supplementation of exogenous metabolites and their influence on biosynthetic pathways. An analysis of recent scientific literature was conducted to identify effective approaches for enhancing the biosynthetic potential during the cultivation of Streptomyces avermitilis. Among the vast diversity of streptomycetes, which play a key role in modern biotechnology and medicine, S. avermitilis strains are the most extensively studied due to their ability to synthesize a wide range of biologically active compounds, including antibiotics and other valuable metabolites such as avermectin. Effective strategies for improving the production of beneficial metabolites by S. avermitilis include genetic manipulations and optimization of the cultivation medium, particularly through the use of exogenous metabolites. The combination of metabolic engineering approaches targeting specific genes involved in nutrient supply with supplementation strategies has been recognized as highly effective for optimizing the production of target compounds in Streptomyces strains. The concept of exogenous metabolites and their importance for enhancing the biosynthetic potential of S. avermitilis is examined in detail, offering new perspectives for process optimization and increasing yields of valuable products. Research findings indicate that the addition of exogenous metabolites represents a promising direction for intensifying the production of secondary metabolites in biotechnological processes. These metabolites may act as precursors for target compound synthesis or influence enzymatic pathways, thereby improving the efficiency and reaction rates. At the same time, it should be noted that the impact of exogenous metabolites can be complex and depends on the specific type and concentration of the metabolite introduced. Further studies on the interaction of exogenous metabolites with S. avermitilis cultures may contribute to the development of novel strategies for optimizing the production of valuable bioactive compounds. Understanding the effects of exogenous metabolites on the biosynthetic potential of microorganisms is crucial for the future advancement of biotechnology and medicine, particularly for the Ukrainian strain S. avermitilis IMV Ac-5015, which is of significant importance in medicine, veterinary practice, and agriculture. Optimization of the composition and concentration of exogenous metabolites, as well as a deeper understanding of their effects on biosynthetic pathways, remains an important area for future research in this field.