The Illicit Global Economy

This book critically evaluates the illicit dimensions of the global economy—the clandestine side of globalization—and efforts to police it. The illicit global economy encompasses cross-border flows of goods, people, money, and information unauthorized by either the sending or receiving country. Typically, this means flows that are prohibited (endangered species and controlled psychoactive substances), regulated (migrants, cigarettes, arms), stolen (art and antiquities), or counterfeit (ranging from prescription medicines to currency). Some of these flows are obscure (the black-market trade in bear bile) or mostly a law enforcement nuisance (cross-border trade in stolen vehicle parts), but others receive enormous policy and media attention (drug trafficking and human smuggling). Still others have severe environmental impacts (toxic waste, illegal logging, overfishing, and poaching) and security implications (sanctions busting and arms trafficking). Collectively, these flows reflect the illicit side of the global economy. The book seeks to answer questions about how illicit global markets are structured and operate, how they intersect with state institutions and practices, how they interact with the legal economy, and how they shape and are shaped by domestic and international politics. The goal is to help readers make sense of a crucial part of the global economy that is too often either neglected or distorted. In this regard, an underlying theme is the need for a more historically informed critical perspective that challenges the many myths and misconceptions about the illicit global economy that are all too prevalent in contemporary media accounts, Hollywood depictions, popular books, and policy debates.