Breather and positon excitations in a nonlinear electrical transmission line modeled by the Kundu-Eckhaus equation

Abstract In this study, we explore the dynamics of breathers and positons in a nonlinear electrical transmission line modeled by the modified Noguchi circuit, governed by the Kundu-Eckhaus equation. Utilizing the reductive perturbation method and a specific transformation, we analyze the influence of different time-dependent linear potentials on these nonlinear wave structures. The analysis is conducted for three representative cases: i) a constant potential, which modifies the orientation and amplitude of breathers and positons, ii) a periodically modulated potential, which transforms them into crescent-shaped structures with unique spatial characteristics, and iii) an exponentially varying potential, which induces asymmetric crescent-shaped waveforms. Additionally, we show that linear potentials significantly influence breather and positon dynamics in the modified electrical transmission line by altering their position and positon amplitude-constant potentials maintain peaks at the origin, periodic potentials shift breathers forward and positons backward, while exponential potentials move breathers backward and positons forward. Our findings highlight the critical role of external modulation in shaping wave propagation, localizing waves, and altering their amplitude, demonstrating its potential for controlling wave dynamics in nonlinear transmission lines. Unlike previous studies that focused on rogue waves, this work provides new insights into the evolution of breathers and positons under external perturbations. The results may have significant implications for applications in electrical transmission networks.