Design of Microstrip Fed Patch Antenna Using DGS for UWB Applications

Ultra Wideband (UWB) antennas hold immense significance in modern technology, offering a wide frequency range that spans several giga hertz. Their ability to transmit and receive short-duration pulses enables high-precision applications, such as radar, imaging, and communication. UWB antennas excel in delivering high data rates over short distances, making them pivotal for wireless personal area networks and multimedia streaming. An ultra-wideband (UWB) microstrip-fed Pi-slot patch antenna with a T-slot defective ground structure (DGS) is designed for UWB applications. The antenna consists of a rectangular patch with a Pi-slot and a ground plane featuring a T-slot. Developed and modeled using the High-Frequency Structure Simulation (HFSS) tool on an RTDuroid 5880 substrate with a thickness of 1.6 mm and a dielectric constant of 2.2, this design aims to enhance the antenna's radiation properties, gain, and bandwidth. The T-slot in the ground plane used to significantly improve performance, resulting in a return loss for the conventional Pi-slot patch antenna.