State‐of‐the‐Art Review on the Integration of Nanomaterials in Concrete Pavements

Concrete is a widely used construction material and plays a crucial role in transportation infrastructure by providing greater strength and longevity than asphalt in pavements. Various techniques for improving the performance of concrete have been studied. Nanotechnology is one of the most effective methods for enhancing the performance of concrete pavements. This paper reviews the impact of nanomaterials (NMs) on concrete used in pavements. It examines various NMs and their effects on nano‐modified concrete, including improvements in mechanical strength, fatigue resistance, abrasion resistance, skid resistance, freeze–thaw durability, thermal expansion, water absorption, and porosity. This examination highlights the critical importance of proper dispersion and mixing methods to ensure the uniform distribution of NMs and prevent agglomeration. In addition, this study identifies research gaps and explores prospects for advancements in nano‐modified concrete mixes. This review indicates that NMs can substantially improve the strength, durability, and other properties of concrete, including self‐cleaning, electrical conductivity, and self‐healing capabilities. Nanosilica (NS) and nano‐TiO 2 (NT) are the most extensively researched NMs for concrete pavements. Research on other NMs and their integration into waste materials has been limited. Future research should address the health risks associated with NMs in concrete and optimize parameters for rigid pavements, such as abrasion resistance, skid resistance, fatigue performance, porosity, thermal expansion, freeze–thaw durability, water absorption, and mechanical strength. In addition, exploring the synergistic effects of NMs combined with eco‐friendly waste materials is crucial for sustainable construction. Optimal performance is typically achieved with NM dosages of ~1%–3% and often approximately 1%.