Study of diastolic dysfunction in diabetic patients and its correlation with microalbuminuria

Background: Diabetes mellitus (DM) increases cardiovascular risk, with diastolic dysfunction (DD) affecting 60% of asymptomatic type 2 DM patients. Microalbuminuria, a marker of endothelial dysfunction, may predict cardiac complications. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 250 diabetic adults at the Department of General Medicine, Ganesh Shankar Vidyarthi Memorial Medical College (GSVMMC), Kanpur, from August 2023 to February 2025. Diastolic dysfunction was assessed via echocardiography; microalbuminuria via urine ACR. Statistical analysis (Chi-square, ANOVA, Pearson’s correlation) was performed using SPSS, with p <0.05 considered significant. Results: Among 250 diabetic patients, 72% had diastolic dysfunction-most commonly Grade I (45.2%). Microalbuminuria was present in 88% and increased significantly with worsening diastolic grade, peaking in Grade III dysfunction (ACR 1250.55 mg/g). Type 2 diabetes patients had higher prevalence of both diastolic dysfunction (81.2%) and microalbuminuria (86.7%) compared to Type 1 patients, who showed lower rates (diastolic dysfunction: 23.4%; microalbuminuria: 93.6%). A strong correlation existed between urine ACR, serum creatinine, and diastolic dysfunction severity (p<0.001). Conclusion: Microalbuminuria is prevalent in DM and strongly linked to DD severity, supporting its role in cardiovascular risk stratification. Routine screening and targeted therapies (e.g., SGLT2 inhibitors) may improve outcomes.