Genotoxic and Cytotoxic Effects of Belomycin and Crud Extracts of Mirabilis jalapa Linn in Male White Mice

Genotoxicity and cytotoxicity of Belomycin (BLM) have been evaluated in bone-marroww cells by micronucleus test, as well as the analysis of sperm shape abnormalities in male white mice, considering that BLM is the most wide anticancer drug used with patients. Also, the study includes assessment the effect of crude water and alcoholic extracts of the four o'clock flowers (Mirabilis jalapa Linn) in reducing BLM toxicity and the study was carried out  in the Genetics Laboratory of the Department of biology for the period from 1-10-2017 to 1-5-2019.So the genotoxicity and cytotoxicity were evaluated independently and in conjunction between two different dosages of BLM 0.8 and 1.6 mg.kg-1.bwt. and three orally dosage of different concentration of crud extracts, which is 39.8, 26.52, 13.26 mg.kg-1 and 7.02, 4.68, 2.34 mg.kg-1 o water and alcohol extract respectively. The results of assessment of BLM genotoxic effects showed that the drug caused induction of micronuclei, here were significant increase in micronucleated polychromatic erythrocytes (MNIPCEs) and significant increase in micronuclei(MNI) in the groups treated with 0.8 and 1.6 mg.kg-1 of BLM, compare to negative control at the level of significance P <0.05 On the other hand, the results showed that BLM has potential to induce sperm shape abnormalities, which include head and tail abnormalities, It included an increase in the proportion of morphological abnormalities in the head and tail of the sperm when compared to negative control at the significant level of P <0.05. The results also showed, that treatment with low dosages of four o'clock flower crud extracts didn’t induce neither micronuclei or any increase in PCEs numbers nor sperm shape abnormalities, although some toxic effects do exist with the higher dosages. Evaluation of results from dependent treatments of BLM and different concentrations of water and alcoholic crud extracts, we observed significant role of these extracts in reducing toxic effects of the drug BLM in bone marrow cells, which caused significant decrease in mean differences of MNIPCEs and MNI. More over the results showed significant decrease in mean differences of sperm shape and tail abnormalities compared to negative control. Results of the current study suggest that water and alcoholic four o'clock flower crud extracts have a role in reducing genotoxic and cytotoxic effects of BLM in bone-marrow cells and sperms of white mice