Vehicle To Building (V2b) Peak Load Shaving and Tariff Analysis

Abstract Commercial buildings are essentially important energy consumers for national electricity grid provider as it’s owned by businesses owners that directly keep up the national gross domestic product (GDP). Soaring load demand from commercial buildings usually occurs within few hours on peak business hour. Electricity grid infrastructure designed to support maximum demand of the system but underutilize most of the time outside the peak session. Growing number of EV penetration in local market can serve as mobile energy storage for Vehicle to Building (V2B) energy integration thus enable peak load shaving to minimize maximum demand during peak period. This study presents a feasible methodology approach on determining the suitable V2B tariff on several peak load shaving scenarios to provide attractive return to building owner and discounted off-peak tariff to accommodate lower EV owner’s charging cost. By having the combination of attractive V2B and off-peak tariff that benefits both sides, subsequently increase EV penetration for V2B. It may also charm EV markets as it minimizes the total cost of EV ownership and reduce maximum demand from electricity grid. Hence it reduces the transportation CO2 emissions and contribution toward optimization of grid network electrical infrastructure of transmission and distribution systems design with lower maximum design system requirement.