Microbial Perspectives on Polythene Biodegradation: Exploring the Role of Microorganisms in Addressing Plastic Pollution

Plastic pollution, particularly from polythene (polyethylene), has emerged as a significant environmental concern worldwide. In response to this challenge, microbial perspectives on polythene biodegradation have garnered attention as potential solutions to mitigate plastic pollution. This article provides an overview of the mechanisms underlying microbial polythene biodegradation, including surface erosion, biofilm formation, metabolic pathways, synergistic interactions, and adaptation. Furthermore, it explores the diversity of polythene-degrading microorganisms and their roles in plastic degradation across different environments. Environmental factors influencing polythene biodegradation, such as temperature, pH, moisture, and nutrient availability, are discussed, along with strategies to optimize degradation rates. Biotechnological approaches, including microbial consortia development and genetic engineering, are highlighted as promising avenues to enhance polythene degradation efficiency. The article concludes with a discussion on the potential of microbial perspectives to address plastic pollution and outlines future research directions in this field.