Semi-Rigid Ureteroscopy for Proximal Ureteral Stones: Does Adjunctive Tamsulosin Therapy Increase the Chance of Success?

<b><i>Objectives:</i></b> To assess the efficacy of adjunctive tamsulosin therapy in improving the success rate of laser-assisted semi-rigid ureteroscopy (URS) for removing proximal ureteral stones. <b><i>Patients and Methods:</i></b> This prospective study included 165 patients with proximal ureteral stones ≥10 mm. The patients were randomly assigned to a tamsulosin group (Group I, n = 81) receiving tamsulosin 0.4 mg daily for 1 week pre-URS and a control group (Group II, n = 84) without tamsulosin therapy. Treatment consisted of URS using a semi-rigid ureteroscope (7.5 Fr), followed by intracorporeal holmium: YAG laser lithotripsy. The patients were followed up regularly for 8 weeks after URS. <b><i>Results:</i></b> The operative time was 43.4 and 49.6 min in Groups I and II, respectively (p < 0.001). Scope to stone access rate was 93.8 and 82.1% in patients of Groups I and II, respectively (p = 0.022). The stone-free rate was significantly higher in Group I compared to Group II (74/81; 91.4% vs. 67/84; 79.8%; p = 0.035). The complication rate was significantly lower in Group I compared to Group II (17.3 vs. 38.1%, p = 0.003). Only minor complications were encountered and were managed conservatively. <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> Tamsulosin therapy prior to semi-rigid URS improved ureteroscopic access to proximal ureteral stones, thus leading to an increased success rate and low morbidity.