FUNDAMENTALISM AS A RELIGIOUS AND POLITICAL PHENOMENON

The authors of the article examine fundamentalism, identifying its most significant features, causes, and conditions of emergence—including religious, sociocultural, political, and anthropological factors. The authors analyze fundamentalism as a religious and political phenomenon, examining the relationship between the concepts of religious fundamentalism and religious modernism. They explore the stages of development of this phenomenon throughout the eras of modernity, postmodernity, and postsecularism. One of the current trends and challenges of modernity is religious fundamentalism, which can also be viewed as a reaction to these large-scale changes. It has become such a powerful factor in today's world that it even to some extent determines the balance of power on the international stage. There is a growing tendency for its expansion and increasing influence on individual societies, international relations, the informational space, and culture. The study of this issue is becoming increasingly relevant due to recent global events: the confrontation of cultures, religious systems, modernist and conservative-fundamentalist movements, and the systemic crisis. Further research into this issue has become particularly relevant in light of recent global political developments. The phenomenon of fundamentalism remains a critical subject for continued study and analysis at the intersection of religious studies, political science, social philosophy, and philosophical anthropology.