Research of histopathology and immunohistochemistry classification in lung cancer patients

Background: Lung cancer is the most common cancer and one of the leading causes of cancer-related deaths worldwide. In Vietnam, there have been many research associated with lung cancer, focusing mainly on the aspects of epidemiology, histopathological diagnosis and treatment therapy. The research of the expression of immunohistochemical markers to determine the immunophenotype of tumor cells in lung cancer and their relationship to histopathology and stage of the disease has not been systematically studied. Objectives: (1) To determine the expression of IHC markers in lung cancer, histopathology classification during immunohistochemistry evaluation, (2) to investigate the supplementary values of immunohistochemical test and immunophenotypes of common types of lung cancer. Materials and methods: 104 samples of patients who came for lung cancer examination and treatment at Hue Central Hospital and Hue University of Medicine and Pharmacy Hospital from October 2019 to July 2021, using cross-sectional descriptive study methods. Results: Histopathologically, the most common types were adenocarcinoma 36.5%, followed by squamous cell carcinoma (34.6%), small cell carcinoma (17.3%), and squamous cell carcinoma (17.3%), large cells carcinoma (2.9%), others (8.7%). after Immunohistochemical staining indicates that the most popular types were adenocarcinoma (48.1%), squamous cell carcinoma (24.0%), small cell carcinoma (15.4%), large cell carcinoma (3.8%), adeno-squamous cell carcinoma (1.0%) and other types (7.7%). Conclusions: Immunohistochemistry helps to determine the immunophenotype, which will contribute to the routine histopathological diagnosis of HE staining of lung cancer types, supporting targeted treatment for patients. Keywords: Lung cancer, Histopathology, Immunohistochemistry, Immunophenotype