UNDERSTANDING VULVODYNIA: DIAGNOSTIC CHALLENGES AND MULTIMODAL INTERVENTIONS

Background: Vulvodynia is defined as vulvar pain lasting at least three months and remains a challenging condition of unknown etiology. Despite its high prevalence and significant impact on quality of life in women, data on its prevalence in the Polish population is lacking. Due to its complexity, vulvodynia is often underdiagnosed. Aim: This study aims to review the current literature on vulvodynia. A systematic review of relevant publications was conducted to summarize existing evidence and clinical approaches for this condition. Material and Methods: Relevant articles on vulvodynia were searched Results: The reviewed studies indicate that the etiological factors of vulvodynia remain unconfirmed, with potential factors that may either initiate or aggravate the condition. This complexity complicates diagnostic pathways due to the lack of a clear clinical reference point. Due to the multifactorial nature of vulvodynia, clinicians may need to prescribe multiple therapies, such as oral therapy, physiotherapy, surgical procedures, targeting different pain mechanisms to achieve effective symptom management. Conclusions: Further research is essential to explore effective treatment strategies and to better understand the challenges faced by women facing vulvodynia.