Testicular Atrophy Risk after Orchidopexy Surgery in Children with Cryptorchidism in Isfahan Hospitals

Abstract Introduction: This study was conducted to investigate testicular atrophy risk after orchidopexy surgery in children with Cryptorchidism. Method: "This prospective cross-sectional study , included 80 patients from Imam Hussein and Al-Zahra hospital in Isfahan. Children with endocrine disorders or retractable testes were excluded. Testicular measurements were taken before and 6 months after surgery using Lambert's criteria. The significance level was set at p ≤ 0.05. Results: A total of 70 children, with a mean age of 26.1 ± 67.1 months, participated in this study and were examined. A prevalence of 21.4% for testicular atrophy was reported. A statistically significant association was found between the variables of testicular torsion, initial inguinal testis position, and laparoscopic surgical method with the occurrence of atrophy. Logistic regression analysis revealed that testicular torsion prior to surgery, initial abdominal testicular position, and laparoscopic surgery increased the risk of testicular atrophy six months post-operatively. Conclusion: This study revealed that testicular torsion, laparoscopic surgery, and abdominal positioning of the initial testis were significantly associated with increased rates of atrophy. No significant correlation was found between atrophy and age. We recommend conducting future orchidopexy studies with larger sample sizes and conducting longer-term follow-up examinations to further elucidate these findings.