RUSSIAN BORROWINGS IN CHINESE IN TERMS OF LANGUAGE CONTACT

The language is an instrument of contact and communication between peoples of all countries in the world. «Language contact» is a result of frequent communication between native speakers of different languages. It is interaction and interinfluence of two or more languages on each other in interpersonal communication. The factors affecting the language contact are diverse. They are contact between ethnic groups and social contact. The language contact primarily means reciprocal contact, conducted with the direct or indirect language use by people. In a social-language activity, people directly use the spoken language for communication or its written form for information exchange, based on various communication needs. The language contact is an inevitable phenomenon in the process of language development, and only when a language is in contact with other national languages, it can interact with the cultures of other nations for its enrichment and development. The language contact is a contact, interaction and interchange between two or more languages in interethnic communication. For a long time Russia and China have had mutual exchanges in their politics, economics, army, culture, etc. Due to the fact that the Russian and Chinese people maintain close contact, many words of the Russian language have been borrowed from Chinese. These borrowings in the Russian language continue to adapt to the needs of public life and they are used in people’s communication. This is the result of the Russian-Chinese language contact.