Analysis of stroke incidence seasonal changes in Bishkek

Studies on identification of seasonal and monthly variations in stroke morbidity and mortality in various geographical and climatic conditions are currently being conducted worldwide. The impact of seasonal factors on risk of cerebral stroke (CS) development in Kyrgyzstan Republic is not sufficiently studied. Objective. To analyze the dependence of year-round dynamics of requests for emergency treatment, hospitalization cases due to hemorrhagic stroke, ischemic stroke and mortality from strokes caused by seasonal changes of meteorological factors in Bishkek in 2016—2019 yrs. Material and methods. The study was carried out by continuous method. A retrospective analysis of data of all patients over the age of 20 with CS, delivered to hospitals by emergency teams, was performed since January 2016 yr. to December 2019 yr. Intensive morbidity and mortality rates per 1000 population per year was estimated. An index of seasonality was calculated and monthly meteorological data were analyzed corresponding to the study period to reveal strokes seasonality. Results. The number of requests for emergency medical care equal 4059 due to stroke in city’s emergency medical center was revealed in studied period according to the Bishkek data of CS register. Among them 3353 had ischemic stroke, 706 — hemorrhagic stroke. The number of fatal cases equal 1206 was registered. The monthly distribution of morbidity and mortality showed that the winter and spring months accounted for the greatest number. Indices of seasonal morbidity and mortality variation demonstrated spring seasonality of CS. Conclusion. Morbidity and mortality rates from CS in Bishkek have a tendency to increase in winter and spring months of the year. The information on the presence of high seasonal rhythm of morbidity and mortality from cerebral stroke (with an increase in winter and early spring) can be used for adequate planning of treatment and preventive measures for the population of Bishkek.