LINOLEIC ACID GLYCERIDE CONTENT IN OILS OF ENDOSPERM MUTANTS OF CORN AT DIFFERENT AIR TEMPERATURES DURING THE MATURATION PERIOD

The results of the study of the dependence of the effects of endosperm mutations of corn sh2, su1, and su2 on the content of linoleate on the temperature conditions of the maturation period are presented.The material for the study consisted of 10 unrelated lines based on each mutation, which were grown for three years in the Steppe zone of Ukraine. The fatty acid composition of the oil was analysed using a modified Peisker gas chromatography method. The assessment of genotype-environment interactions in terms of linoleate content was carried out using the Eberhard-Russell algorithm. It was established that lines carrying mutations sh2, su1, and su2 differ from ordinary corn by significantly reduced linoleate content. The level of this trait in carriers of each mutation, as a rule, increased in conditions of lower air temperatures during the ripening period. In different lines based on one mutation, the linoleate content varied depending on the genotype of the line and the nature of the genotype: environment interactions. In carriers of each endosperm mutation, two types of lines with different reaction rates to fluctuations in climatic growing conditions were distinguished. In lines of one type, significant changes in linoleate content were observed with fluctuations in the temperature regime of growing, while lines of another type showed a fairly stable level of the trait under the same conditions.