Cephalometric evaluation of mandibular incisor inclination through incisor mandibular plane angle (IMPA): A cross-sectional study in Pakistan.

Objective: To evaluate the incisor mandibular plane angle (IMPA) among the Pakistani population. Study Design: Cross-sectional Learning. Period: 1st January 2019 till 30th June 2019. Setting: Department of Orthodontics, University College of Dentistry The University Lahore. Material & Methods: 100 participants were incorporated in the learning by following inclusive standards. Demographic history i.e. name, age, gender, contact, and outcome variable i.e. IMPA value was recorded in a pre-designed proforma. Tracing of lateral cephalogram diagnosed as Class II Division I malocclusion was done by placing the Matte Acetate tracing paper over the radiograph. IMPA was used to assess the lower incisor inclination parameter Data were analyzed by using SPSS-20. Post-stratification students' t-test was smeared with p-value ≤ 0.05 as significant. Results: Out of 100 subjects, 44 subjects were males while the 56 subjects were females. The mean IMPA among all the patients were found to be 107.71°±3.89°. Whereas, the mean IMPA in male and female subjects was 106.91°±3.62° and 108.34°±4.01°, respectively. Similarly, the mean IMPA in non-obese subjects was 107.81°±3.81° and in obese subjects was 107.13°±4.41°, respectively. However, a non-significant relationship was found between both factors. Conclusion: The mean IMPA in patients with “Class II Division I malocclusion” is 107.71°±3.89° with a minimum and maximum value of 100° and 117° which may be incorporated for the treatment plan among Pakistani population.