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The Christians of Shaki and Shirvan In the 18th – the Beginning of the 19th Centuries

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The article is the continuation of the research published in the Bulletin of Oriental Studies, II, 20232 and starts from the period following the fall of the rule of the Safavid power over the region. It considers the state of the Christians of Eastern Transcaucasia in the given period, and the main causes leading to their intensified conversion to Islam. The main focus is on the economic incentives of their Islamization and particularly the poll-tax levied on the Christians in Shaki khanate from the times of Haji Chelebi Khan till the mid-nineteenth century already under the Russian Rule. The published and unpublished archive documents of the period show that the poll-tax named ‘abrishum-i din’ (in Persian), ‘din ipaki’ or ‘ipak dini’ (in Turkish) levied from the Christians of Shaki khanate was rather a heavy tax and in some cases was a reason for their conversion to Islam. The Persian document represented in the article with its English translation and commentaries contains a forcible argument for this. Քրիստոնյաների մահմեդականացումը Արևելյան Այսրկովկասում, սկսված լինելով դեռևս արաբական տիրապետության ժամանակաշրջանից և անդադար նոսրացնելով այնտեղի քրիստոնյաների շարքերը, Սեֆյան տիրապետության պայմաններում շարունակվում էր հիմնականում սոցիալ-տնտեսական գործոնների դրդմամբ, ինչպես նաև խրախուսման միջոցով։ Այնուամենայնիվ, նրանց տրված զիմմիի կարգավիճակը Սեֆյան պետության մեջ ապահովում էր նաև բռնի դավանափոխությունից որոշ պաշտպանվածություն: Исламизация христиан в Восточном Закавказье, предпринятая еще со времен арабского владычества и беспрерывно разрежавшая ряды христиан в регионе, продолжалась и в период Сефевидской власти, в основном, в силу ряда социально-экономических факторов, а также путем поощрения. Статус зимми, предоставленный христианам в Сефевидском государстве, всё же обеспечивал им некоторую защищенность от принудительного вероотступничества.
National Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Armenia
Title: The Christians of Shaki and Shirvan In the 18th – the Beginning of the 19th Centuries
Description:
The article is the continuation of the research published in the Bulletin of Oriental Studies, II, 20232 and starts from the period following the fall of the rule of the Safavid power over the region.
It considers the state of the Christians of Eastern Transcaucasia in the given period, and the main causes leading to their intensified conversion to Islam.
The main focus is on the economic incentives of their Islamization and particularly the poll-tax levied on the Christians in Shaki khanate from the times of Haji Chelebi Khan till the mid-nineteenth century already under the Russian Rule.
The published and unpublished archive documents of the period show that the poll-tax named ‘abrishum-i din’ (in Persian), ‘din ipaki’ or ‘ipak dini’ (in Turkish) levied from the Christians of Shaki khanate was rather a heavy tax and in some cases was a reason for their conversion to Islam.
The Persian document represented in the article with its English translation and commentaries contains a forcible argument for this.
Քրիստոնյաների մահմեդականացումը Արևելյան Այսրկովկասում, սկսված լինելով դեռևս արաբական տիրապետության ժամանակաշրջանից և անդադար նոսրացնելով այնտեղի քրիստոնյաների շարքերը, Սեֆյան տիրապետության պայմաններում շարունակվում էր հիմնականում սոցիալ-տնտեսական գործոնների դրդմամբ, ինչպես նաև խրախուսման միջոցով։ Այնուամենայնիվ, նրանց տրված զիմմիի կարգավիճակը Սեֆյան պետության մեջ ապահովում էր նաև բռնի դավանափոխությունից որոշ պաշտպանվածություն: Исламизация христиан в Восточном Закавказье, предпринятая еще со времен арабского владычества и беспрерывно разрежавшая ряды христиан в регионе, продолжалась и в период Сефевидской власти, в основном, в силу ряда социально-экономических факторов, а также путем поощрения.
Статус зимми, предоставленный христианам в Сефевидском государстве, всё же обеспечивал им некоторую защищенность от принудительного вероотступничества.

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