Molecular study of Nucleophosmin 1(NPM1) gene in acute myeloid leukemia in Kurdish population

Background: In patients with Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML) the most frequent acquired molecular abnormalities and important prognostic indicators is nucleophosmin-1 (NPM1) mutations. Our study aims was molecular study of Nucleop- hosmin -1 gene in Acute Myeloid Leukemia in Kurdish population. Patients &Methods: A total of 50 patients with AML, (36) of them attended Nanakaly Hospital and (14) attended Hiwa Hospital and 30 healthy subjects as control were selected randomly, all were matched of age and gender. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used for detection of NPM1 gene mutation. Three samples of PCR product for NPM1 gene mutations were sequenced, and mutations were determined by comparison with the normal NPM1 sequence NCBI (GenBank acces- sion number NM_002520). Results: Out of 50 patients with AML, 5 (10%) of them were NPM1 gene mutation positive, and 45 (90%) were negative. The mutation were a base substitution (C to A), (G to C), (G to T), transversion mutation in addition of frame shift mutation and all mutated cases were heterozygous and retained a wild type allele. Conclusion: Identification of NPM1 mutations in AML are important for prognostication, treatment decision and optimi- zation of patient care. Keywords: Acute myeloid leukemia; Nucleophosmin-1 (NPM-1) gene mutation; PCR.