Research on the Use of Artificial Intelligence in Teaching Future Physics Teachers

Currently, the rapid development of artificial intelligence affects various spheres of society including education. The introduction of artificial intelligence into the educational process is one of the most fundamental trends of today. The task of effectively using the capabilities of artificial intelligence is becoming more and more urgent. To this end, it is necessary to study the competencies related to artificial intelligence. This article examines the experiences of both foreign and local researchers in applying artificial intelligence. In addition, the issue of teaching the fundamentals of artificial intelligence in the training of future physics teachers is considered. Based on this, the possibilities, prospects, and risks of using artificial intelligence in teaching and learning processes in higher education institutions were analyzed. A comparative analysis was also conducted regarding the types and effectiveness of artificial intelligence tools used. Teaching methods incorporating artificial intelligence were compared with traditional teaching methods. In order to determine the level of AI usage by educators and students, a survey was conducted among physics instructors and students at the following universities:Abai Kazakh National Pedagogical University (Almaty), South Kazakhstan Pedagogical University named after O. Zhanibekov, South Kazakhstan Research University named after M. Auezov (Shymkent), Khoja Ahmed Yasawi International Kazakh-Turkish University (Turkistan), and Sarsen Amanzholov East Kazakhstan University (Ust-Kamenogorsk). A total of 39 instructors and 273 students participated in the survey. The results showed that artificial intelligence use increases student motivation and helps instructors save time. To assess the reliability of the research results, Cronbach’s Alpha coefficient was used. At the same time, concerns related to ethical and technical issues of artificial intelligence use were identified, and possible solutions were proposed. It was also found that artificial intelligence is widely used in the development of virtual laboratories in physics. The study highlighted important directions and opportunities for future research.