In vitro cytogenetic and cytotoxic activity of Xanthium strumarium plant extract on human breast cancer cell line

Introduction and Aim: The enormous greater parts of people rely on conventional medicinal plants for their everyday health care desires. One of these medicinal plants is Xanthium strumarium. The purpose of this study was to assess the total phenolic content and antioxidant activity of X. strumarium extract as well as test its activity against micronucleus formation and cytotoxicity against breast cancer cell lines.   Materials and Methods: An estimation was made of the total flavonoid antioxidant content in the ethanolic extract of X. strumarium. The plant extract was assessed for its DPPH radical scavenging activity and compared to the conventional vitamin C. The plant extract's cytotoxicity was evaluated by conducting an MTT test on MCF-7 cancer cell lines.   Results: The total flavonoid content estimated in the plant extract was 215.63± 5.85 µg/ml. The DPPH results varied depending on concentration and found to be significantly reduced at 100 and 200 mg/ml of the extract in comparison to vitamin C. In contrast to the negative control, the micronucleus generation in the blood of breast cancer patients was reduced, notably at 200 mg\ml concentration of plant to (0.0065 ± 0.0006 mn\cell), when it was higher in untreated culture (0.0230 ± 0.0013 mn\cell). When plant concentration was increased (from 6.25 to 200 µg/ml), there was a drop in cell viability (86.27± 0.70% to 50.04± 3.32%).   Conclusion: This research indicates that the ethanolic extract of X. strumarium exhibits antioxidant capabilities and has the capability to cause cytotoxic effects on breast cancer cells. These findings were the result of an investigation that was conducted.