Nanoparticles of bioactive natural collagen for wound healing: Experimental approach

Abstract Introduction Both developing and developed nations have made the creation of innovative wound-healing nanomaterials based on natural extracts a top research goal. The objective of this research was to create a gel containing collagen nanoparticles and evaluate its therapeutic potential for skin lesions. Methods Collagen nanoparticles from fish scales were produced for the first time using desolvation techniques. Using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), the structure of the isolated collagen and its similarities to collagen type 1 were identified. The surface morphology of the isolated collagen and its reformulation into nanoparticles were examined using transmission and scanning electron microscopy. Human skin fibroblast cells were employed to examine the cytotoxicity of the nanomaterials, and an experimental model was used to evaluate the wound healing capability. Results Collagen nanoparticles formulation was confirmed using FTIR, SEM and TEM analysis. Cytotoxicity studies demomstrated that the manufactured nanoparticles have minor toxicity at high concentrations on human skin fibroblast. Histological investigation proved that the fabricated fish scale collagen nanoparticles promoted the healing process in comparison to the saline group. Conclusion The fabricated product is a highly influential wound healing product that can be applicable for commercial use. The nanoscale size of collagen nanoparticles, make them interesting candidates for biological applications. Key Summary Points The goal of this research was to create natural, effective wound remedies that could lower health-care costs while also providing pain relief and, ultimately, effective scar repair. Collagen nanoparticles can be synthesized from fish scale utilizing various nanotechnology-based approaches to stimulate skin cell proliferation and promote wound healing. Collagen nanoparticles have a rough surface, have a negative potential, and can be used for drug delivery and wound healing. Histological and macroscopical analysis showed that the synthesized nanoparticles promoted faster wound healing.