Analysis of the metabolite profile of mistletoe leaves (Dendrophthoe pentandra (L.) Miq.) as an Epiphyte on Lime Using the GC-MS Method

Dendrophthoe pentandra (L.) Miq., a mistletoe species from the Loranthaceae family, can thrive as an epiphyte on various host plants, including lime trees. This mistletoe has potential as a herbal plant due to its bioactive properties, stemming from a diverse range of metabolites. Therefore, this analysis aims to identify different compounds and explore groups of compounds that may exhibit potential bioactivity in ethanolic extracts of D. pentandra leaves on lime, utilizing the GC-MS method. The analysis revealed a total of 68 detected metabolite compounds, comprising 51 main compounds that represent 90.49% of the total abundance. Notably, 16 dominant compounds were identified, including Melezitose (6.64%), 3-Methylmannoside (6.38%), ß-D-Mannofuranoside, methylated (4.76%), 3-O-Methyl-D-glucose (3.70%), Myo-Inositol, 4-C-methyl (31.29%), and Tetradecanoic acid, ethyl ester (3.81%). In terms of abundance based on compound class, carbohydrates account for 65%, fatty acids for 15%, and phenols for 10%, with the remaining compounds comprising other classes. The unique compounds found in mistletoe leaves on lime exhibit various bioactivities, such as antioxidant, anticancer, antibiotic, antiseptic, antihyperglycemic, antihistamine, antiandrogenic, antiarrhythmic, antiasthmatic, and diuretic properties. Further research is necessary to explore the bioactive compounds in mistletoe D. pentandra across various potential host plants and to conduct additional metabolomic analyses.