Crustal Study Based on Integrated Geophysical and Petrological Investigation in Poonch Division, Azad Jammu and Kashmir

This study examines the tectonic framework and mineral potential of the Poonch Division in Azad Jammu and Kashmir through an integrated geophysical and petrological approach. Situated within the tectonically active Hazara-Kashmir Syntaxis (HKS), the region is profoundly shaped by the ongoing convergence of the Indian and Eurasian plates, an orogenic process that has driven the formation of the Himalayas. This tectonic regime has resulted in extensive crustal shortening, faulting, and uplift, leading to the deformation of Phanerozoic sedimentary sequences and the development of complex thrust fault systems. Gravity and magnetic surveys were employed to delineate subsurface structures and identify zones of potential mineralization. Gravity anomalies correspond with major tectonic features such as the Riasi Thrust and Khaigala Fault, indicating significant density contrasts in the subsurface. Magnetic data revealed anomalies associated with elevated concentrations of magnetic minerals, suggesting the presence of heavy mineral assemblages likely deposited in molasse environments. Petrographic analysis of samples from the Kamlial, Chinji, and Nagri formations reveals a heterogeneous mineralogical composition, indicating a mixed provenance from igneous, metamorphic, and sedimentary sources. The integration of geophysical and petrological data facilitates a comprehensive understanding of the subsurface geology and mineral distribution in the study area. The results highlight the region’s complex tectonic evolution and substantial mineral potential. These findings not only enhance the geological understanding of the Poonch Division, but also support its prospects for sustainable mineral exploration and resource development. Realizing this potential could significantly contribute to national economic growth. Keywords: Hazara-Kashmir syntaxis, tectonic framework, gravity and magnetic surveys, mineral potential petrological analysis, subsurface geology.