Clinical and epidemiological study of topical steroid abuse in Nepal: an observational study from a tertiary hospital

Abstract Background Abuse of topical corticosteroids is an emerging problem. The irrational and nonjudicious use of steroids can cause disastrous cutaneous and systemic adverse effects. Objectives To study the clinical and epidemiological profile of topical steroid abuse. Methods A total of 124 patients who were misusing topical steroids were included in this hospital-based observational study. Details of the patients, indications of topical corticosteroid use and adverse cutaneous effects were recorded in a proforma and analysed. Results The majority of patients (n = 52; 41.9%) were aged between 21 and 30 years. A female predominance (n = 75; 60.5%) was recorded. Students formed the largest subgroup of the study population. The major indication for topical steroid abuse was dermatophytic infection (n = 52; 41.9%). The face was the most common site of topical steroid application (n = 68; 54.8%). Ultrapotent steroids were commonly used (n = 55; 44.4%). The majority of patients applied topical steroid once daily (n = 91; 73.4%). Topical steroid use was predominantly advised by a pharmacy (n = 70; 56.5%). Erythema was the common adverse effect observed (n = 59; 47.6%). Conclusions This study highlights the pattern and epidemiological profile of topical corticosteroid misuse. Thus, policymakers should raise awareness of this issue and introduce laws for regulation.