Effects of health education based on self-determination theory on hemodialysis knowledge, self-management and negative emotions in maintenance hemodialysis patients

Abstract To explore the application effect of health education based on self-determination theory on hemodialysis knowledge, self-management and negative emotions in maintenance hemodialysis patients. The research is a quasi-randomized control trial, a total of 86 maintenance hemodialysis patients who met the exclusion criteria were included (43 patients each in the intervention group and the control group). The control group received routine care, and the intervention group implemented health education guided by self-determination theory on the basis of the control group. Three months after the intervention, the two groups were compared in terms of hemodialysis knowledge, self-management, interdialytic weight gain value and anxiety and depression. Before the intervention, there was no statistical difference in the comparison of hemodialysis knowledge scores, self-management scores, interdialytic weight gain value and anxiety and depression scores (P > 0.05). After 3 months of intervention, the hemodialysis knowledge scores of the intervention group was higher than that of the control group and baseline; the scores of the intervention group in problem solving, partnership, emotional processing, executive self-care dimensions and the total self-management scores were higher than that of the control group and baseline; the interdialytic weight gain value of the intervention group was lower than that of the control group and baseline; the anxiety and depression scores of the intervention group were lower than that of the control group and baseline. All these differences were statistically significant (P < 0.05). Health education based on self-determination theory can improve the hemodialysis knowledge level and self-management ability of maintenance hemodialysis patients, and reduce the interdialytic weight gain value and anxiety and depression level, which is worthy of clinical promotion.