Determinants of Uterovaginal prolapse in Western Ethiopia

Abstract Background Uterovaginal prolapse is a significant public health concern in developing countries like Ethiopia where access to health care is limited. It significantly affects women’s health and productivity. Thus, it is very important to identify determinant factors and take preventive actions. Methods A hospital based unmatched case-control study was conducted on 86 cases and 258 controls who attended gynecologic outpatient departments in Nekemte town, from May 1 to July 30/2019. Cases were women with utero-vaginal prolapse while controls were women free from utero-vaginal prolapse but with other gynecologic diseases. Data were collected using pretested structured questionnaires and measurement on height and weight were taken to calculate body mass index of women. Data were entered using Epi Data version 3.1 and analysis was carried out by SPSS version 24.0. Descriptive, bivariate and multivariable logistic regressions were performed. Adjusted odds ratio with 95% confidence interval was used and statistical significance was declared at p < 0.05. Results This study revealed, age ≥ 40 years (AOR = 10.49; 95%CI: 4.03, 27.35), duration of labor ≥ 24 hours (AOR = 8.32; 95%CI: 3.58, 19.33), instrumental delivery (AOR = 7.40; 95%CI: 1.21, 45.28), non- utilization of family planning (AOR = 3.14; 95%CI: 1.32, 7.47) and underweight (BMI < 18.5 kg/m2) 5.30 (AOR = 5.30; 95%CI: 1.83, 15.33) were determinants of utero-vaginal prolapse. Conclusion Age ≥ 40 years, prolonged labor, instrumental delivery, non-utilization of family planning and underweight were identified as determinant factors of utero-vaginal prolapse. Thus, family planning service utilization and appropriate and timely obstetric care are advisable.