The composition and properties of oil fractions of unique azerbaijan oils (review)

This review article presents the results of a study of Azerbaijan oils for their scientifically based sorting and processing, since they are a valuable raw material for petrochemical processes. Particular attention is paid to the study of light oil products, their qualities are decisive for the assessment of the oil itself. In oils, the qualities of fuel oils, distillate and oil fractions are also determined. Azerbaijan oils, due to their uniqueness, are used as a valuable raw material for petrochemistry. In addition, in connection with the export of oil to world markets, it is important to identify the valuable properties of Azerbaijani oils that allow them to compete with well-known marker oils. Also relevant is the assessment of the qualities of fuel oils and oil fractions of Azerbaijani oils. The review article discusses the quality of oil fractions from offshore fields oils in the Azerbaijan and Turkmen sectors of the Caspian Sea, containing 9-13% paraffin, 14-36% aromatic hydrocarbons. It has been established that base oils with a VI of 80-90 units (I group by API) are obtained by processes of selective purification and dewaxing, as we showed earlier when obtaining oil fractions from promising Azerbaijan oils Azeri, Chirag, etc. To obtain modern high-quality oils with IV 100 and higher, it is possible to use refined oil components from Azerbaijan oils (for example, from Balakhani oil) using and involving hydrocracking oils (20-40%) and a package of additives from foreign companies.