Effect of rose extract treatment on soluble CCR5 and CXCR4 secretion by the endothelial cells in vitro

Background: CC-Chemokine Receptor 5 (CCR5) and Chemokine C-X-C-Motif Receptor 4 (CXCR4) are expressed in various tissues, and they are potential molecules involved in multiple pathways. CCR5 and CXCR4 targets are associated with immune regulation in patients in multiple tissues and numerous clinical conditions. The study was performed searching for a novel therapy for immune regulation on these CCR5 and CXCR4 receptors with rose extract. Methods: The crushed red rose extract was prepared, and it was processed for analysis. The HUVEC cells were obtained for seeding in the cell culture. The cells were tested in normal physiological conditions and varying degrees of hypoxia. The cells were treated with extract for 72 hours, and the resultant secreted supernatants were analyzed for expression of CCR5 and CXCR4 by the Elisa technique. Results: The CCR5 levels were significantly elevated at normoxia compared to untreated controls. The surge of CCR5 was persistent in 12% hypoxia, and at higher degrees of hypoxia, the levels were mildly lower than the untreated levels. The CXCR4 levels were not changed in normoxia, and even with significant hypoxia, the levels were similar or mildly reduced compared to untreated values. Conclusion: The rose extract has the potentials to induce the secretion of soluble CCR5 from the HUVEC cells, and it can prevent the reduction of soluble CXCR4 levels during the hypoxic challenge of the endothelial cells. This in-turn can modulate the receptor levels on the endothelial cells, which has clinical applications.