Is low adiponectin concentration linked to the development of type 2 diabetes in Sudan

Objectives: It was previously thought that adiponectin influenced insulin activity in tissues. Insulin resistance caused by obesity is associated to reduced plasma adiponectin levels. Researchers may be able to better understand the role of adiponectin in insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes by comparing adiponectin levels in T2DM patients to non-diabetic patients, as well as its connection with BMI and WC. Method: A case-control study was conducted at the Abu A'gla Health Care Center for diabetes care in Wad Madani, Gezira State, Sudan, between April 2012 and March 2013. The study involved a total of 181 participants. To measure adiponectin, FPG, and HbA1C levels, patients were divided into diabetes and non-diabetic groups. The body mass index (BMI) was calculated, and the waist circumference (WC) was measured. Personal information (age and gender) were obtained. Samples were analyzed for many biochemical parameters using the A15, a random-access auto-analyzer bio system. To quantify adiponectin, ELIZA employed the techniques of a human adiponectin ELISA kit. A statistical software for social sciences was used to conduct the statistical analysis (SPSS version 16, Chicago, IL, USA). Result: The mean BMI (29.007) increased significantly between diabetic and non-diabetic groups (p=0.001) indicating that the study participants were overweight. There was significant increased (p<0.0001) in FPG (160.10) and HbA1C (6.9813) and non- significant decreased in adiponectin mean (1.567) concentration. SBP and DBP mean (116.52) and (75.51) were significantly low (p=0.006) and (0.054), respectively. Conclusion: Adiponectin levels were lower in diabetic and non-diabetic patients. Only two diabetics had excessive quantities. Adiponectin and BMI were thought to have an inverse relationship, with no association between adiponectin and WC.