Search engine for discovering works of Art, research articles, and books related to Art and Culture
ShareThis
Javascript must be enabled to continue!

MARTIN FROBISHER AND THE ACTIVITIES OF THE ENGLISH COMPANY OF CATHAY IN THE SECOND HALF OF THE 1570S.

View through CrossRef
Статья посвящена судьбе Катайской компании – акционерного предприятия, созданного в Англии во второй половине 1570-х гг. с целью поисков морского Северо-Западного прохода в Китай (англичане называли эту страну «Катаем») и колонизации Баффиновой Земли в Северной Америке. Во главе компании стояли мореплаватель Мартин Фробишер и купец Майкл Лок, бросившие вызов Московской торговой компании в борьбе за монополию на исследование арктических морей. Основной источниковой базой для исследования послужили документы (хартии, отчеты, письма, петиции, трактаты), имеющие непосредственное отношение к Катайской компании и её создателям. Хотя компания была образована как исследовательский проект для поисков значимого северного морского пути в азиатские страны, географические открытия, сделанные М. Фробишером в полярных водах Америки в ходе трех экспедиций 1576 – 1578 гг., побудили акционеров решиться на колонизацию найденных северных земель. Главной причиной основания колонии «Мета Инкогнита» - первой английской колонии в Северной Америке - стала перспектива обнаружения золота на острове Баффинова Земля. Опираясь на материалы британского Национального архива, Британской библиотеки и опубликованные источники, автор анализирует причины неудач компании, в том числе провала создания колонии «Мета Инкогнита». Комплексный анализ архивных и опубликованных материалов дает возможность выявить роль английской Катайской компании в изучении и формировании географических знаний о Северной Америке в последней четверти XVIв. The article is devoted to the fate of the Company of Cathay, a joint-stock company established in England in the second half of the 1570s to search for the Northwest Passage to China (the English called this country "Cathay") and to colonise Baffin Land in North America. The company was headed by the navigator Martin Frobisher and merchant Michael Lock, who challenged the Muscovy Company for a monopoly on the exploration of the Arctic seas. The documents (charters, reports, letters, petitions, treatises) directly related to the Company of Cathay and its founders served as the main source base for the study. Although the company was formed as a research project to find a significant northern sea route to Asian countries, the geographical discoveries made by Martin Frobisher in the polar waters of the Americas during three expeditions between 1576 and 1578 led shareholders to decide to colonise the northern lands found. The main reason for founding the colony of Meta Incognita, the first English colony in North America, was the prospect of discovering gold on Baffin Land. Based on materials from the National Archives at Kew, the British Library and published sources, the author analyses the reasons for the company’s failures, including the failure to establish the colony of Meta Incognita. A comprehensive analysis of archival and published materials makes it possible to identify the role of the Company of Cathay in the study and formation of geographical knowledge about North America in the last quarter of the 16th century.
Title: MARTIN FROBISHER AND THE ACTIVITIES OF THE ENGLISH COMPANY OF CATHAY IN THE SECOND HALF OF THE 1570S.
Description:
Статья посвящена судьбе Катайской компании – акционерного предприятия, созданного в Англии во второй половине 1570-х гг.
с целью поисков морского Северо-Западного прохода в Китай (англичане называли эту страну «Катаем») и колонизации Баффиновой Земли в Северной Америке.
Во главе компании стояли мореплаватель Мартин Фробишер и купец Майкл Лок, бросившие вызов Московской торговой компании в борьбе за монополию на исследование арктических морей.
Основной источниковой базой для исследования послужили документы (хартии, отчеты, письма, петиции, трактаты), имеющие непосредственное отношение к Катайской компании и её создателям.
Хотя компания была образована как исследовательский проект для поисков значимого северного морского пути в азиатские страны, географические открытия, сделанные М.
Фробишером в полярных водах Америки в ходе трех экспедиций 1576 – 1578 гг.
, побудили акционеров решиться на колонизацию найденных северных земель.
Главной причиной основания колонии «Мета Инкогнита» - первой английской колонии в Северной Америке - стала перспектива обнаружения золота на острове Баффинова Земля.
Опираясь на материалы британского Национального архива, Британской библиотеки и опубликованные источники, автор анализирует причины неудач компании, в том числе провала создания колонии «Мета Инкогнита».
Комплексный анализ архивных и опубликованных материалов дает возможность выявить роль английской Катайской компании в изучении и формировании географических знаний о Северной Америке в последней четверти XVIв.
The article is devoted to the fate of the Company of Cathay, a joint-stock company established in England in the second half of the 1570s to search for the Northwest Passage to China (the English called this country "Cathay") and to colonise Baffin Land in North America.
The company was headed by the navigator Martin Frobisher and merchant Michael Lock, who challenged the Muscovy Company for a monopoly on the exploration of the Arctic seas.
The documents (charters, reports, letters, petitions, treatises) directly related to the Company of Cathay and its founders served as the main source base for the study.
Although the company was formed as a research project to find a significant northern sea route to Asian countries, the geographical discoveries made by Martin Frobisher in the polar waters of the Americas during three expeditions between 1576 and 1578 led shareholders to decide to colonise the northern lands found.
The main reason for founding the colony of Meta Incognita, the first English colony in North America, was the prospect of discovering gold on Baffin Land.
Based on materials from the National Archives at Kew, the British Library and published sources, the author analyses the reasons for the company’s failures, including the failure to establish the colony of Meta Incognita.
A comprehensive analysis of archival and published materials makes it possible to identify the role of the Company of Cathay in the study and formation of geographical knowledge about North America in the last quarter of the 16th century.

Related Results

Aviation English - A global perspective: analysis, teaching, assessment
Aviation English - A global perspective: analysis, teaching, assessment
This e-book brings together 13 chapters written by aviation English researchers and practitioners settled in six different countries, representing institutions and universities fro...
From Marco Polo’s Cathay to Matteo Ricci’s Sinae: Why China Is Called This Way
From Marco Polo’s Cathay to Matteo Ricci’s Sinae: Why China Is Called This Way
The paper discusses the reasons that led to the identification of China in Europe as a country described by Venetian merchant Marco Polo under the name “Cathay” (formerly a silk-pr...
The Development of English Speaking Proficiency to Increase Students’ Communication Skill in A Business and Technology College
The Development of English Speaking Proficiency to Increase Students’ Communication Skill in A Business and Technology College
English speaking proficiency is very important to participate in the wider world of work. The speaking proficiency is measured in terms of the ability to carry out a conversation i...
The Legacy of Empire: Exploring British Colonial English in the Works of Manto and Hamid
The Legacy of Empire: Exploring British Colonial English in the Works of Manto and Hamid
In the last few years, English has gained extraordinary respect in Pakistan. Due to this increased traction, students have started learning and speaking English despite losing thei...
English
English
English is by far the most widely spoken Germanic language, with approximately 400 million native speakers, another 500 million L2 speakers, and at least a billion of moderately co...
STUDENTS’ PERCEPTION OF ENGLISH DAY AND SPEAKING SKILL AT ASH-SHIDDIIQI ISLAMIC BOARDING SCHOOL
STUDENTS’ PERCEPTION OF ENGLISH DAY AND SPEAKING SKILL AT ASH-SHIDDIIQI ISLAMIC BOARDING SCHOOL
The research aimed to investigate the impact of English Day on students' speaking skills in Islamic schools, using questionnaires to gather data on students' perceptions of English...
Middle English
Middle English
Middle English is the name given to the English of the period from approximately 1100 to approximately 1450. This period is marked by substantial developments in all areas of Engli...
Native English speakers' authority in English
Native English speakers' authority in English
Given the unprecedented spread of English, native English speakers (NESs) have been estimated to number 508 million by 2050 (Graddol, 1997: 27), while a bold estimation of speakers...

Back to Top