Bioactive Compounds in Phyllanthus Amarus Leaf Extract and its Toxicity in the Treatment of Newcastle Disease

Background: Using extracts from medicinal plants to cure sicknesses and enfeebling diseases remains a major practice for traditional healers and medical practitioners. This research aimed to elucidate the significance and potential composition of n-Hexane extract of Phyllanthus amarus leaf and also establish its safety for use in potential medicinal preparations. Methods: Bioactive compounds from an extract of Phyllanthus amarus leaf were used in the treatment of Newcastle Disease (ND) in broiler chickens. It was characterised using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GCMS) and its biosafety effect on selected biochemical markers in chickens was observed. Results: The results showed the presence of over 15 bioactive compounds including phytol, phenol, and vitamin E. The constituents did not have a toxic effect on the selected biochemical markers of the chickens. Conclusion: This study demonstrated that Phyllanthus amarus may be considered safe and contains numerous active constituents which could be further explored for probable novel drugs sourced from natural plants for the treatment of animal or human diseases.