<b>PATTERN AND BURDEN OF COMPLICATIONS OF INTRAVESICAL BACILLUS CALMETTE-GUERIN AFTER TRANSURETHRAL RESECTION OF BLADDER TUMOR IN NON-MUSCLE INVASIVE BLADDER TUMOR</b>

Objective: To determine pattern and burden of complications of Intravesical Bacillus Calmette-Guerin after transurethral resection of bladder tumor in non-muscle invasive bladder tumor. Methodology; This retrospective study was performed at Department of Urology, Indus Hospital, Muzaffar Garrh and data were taken from 2017 to till 2024. After the procedure risk stratification was done by following the WHO 2004/2022 classification on low, intermediate and high grade group and bacillus calmette-guerin (BCG) was started after two weeks of procedure following the European guide line. BCG-related complications were documented to assess outcomes following intravesical BCG therapy. Data was analyzed through SPSS version 23. Categorical variables were analyzed using the Chi-square test, and continuous variables were assessed using Student’s two-tailed t-test. Results; A total of 133 patients with non-muscle invasive bladder tumor undergoing transurethral resection of bladder tumor were included in our study, having 68.4 % (n = 91) male patients and 31.6 % (n = 42) female patients. Mean age was 60.19 ± 14.91 years (range; 21 - 90 years), mean age of male patients was 61.99 ± 12.67 years while that of female patients was 56.29 ± 18.44 years (P=0.040). History of diabetes was noted in 19.5 % (n = 26) while hypertension was noted in 21.8 % (n = 29), perforation in 3 % (n = 4). Prior history of BCG was noted in 29.3 % (n = 39) while BCG toxicity was not observed in any of these patients. Complications were observed in 20.3 % (n = 27), urinary tract infection was noted in 14.3 % (n = 19), hematuria in 7.5 % (n = 10), urinary retention in 3.8 % (n = 5) and fever was noted in 9.8 % (n=13) of our study cases.   Conclusion; Urinary tract infection was the most prevalent complication of Intravesical Bacillus Calmette-Guerin after transurethral resection of bladder tumor in non-muscle invasive bladder tumor followed by fever and hematuria. The Surgeons treating such patients should anticipate all these complications associated with Intravesical Bacillus Calmette-Guerin after transurethral resection of bladder tumor in non-muscle invasive bladder tumor and take appropriate preventive and corrective measures. These corrective and preventive strategies will improve the management and prognosis of non - muscle invasive bladder tumor.