Stability Assessment for Improved Mustard Production in Ecologically Diverse Regions of Jharkhand: Insights from AMMI and GGE

Abstract The present study investigates the genetic variability and stability of 15 mustard (Brassica juncea) genotypes across four diverse locations in Jharkhand, employing a randomized block design with three replications. Significant differences among the genotypes are observed, with environmental factors and their interactions exerting a considerable influence. Utilizing the AMMI and GGE biplot methods, the study delves into the intricate interactions affecting economically vital traits such as seed yield per plant and oil percentage. The combined effect of environment and interaction explains a substantial portion of the observed variation of 79.6 and 58.9% on seed yield per plant and oil % respectively. The first two principal components together explained larger portion of 85.2% and 89.5% of the GXE variation of seed yield per plant and oil % respectively. The AMMI analysis had identified that, the genotypes Kranthi, PA-5232 and BAUM-09-12-1 for seed yield per plant and BAUM-08-18, Shivani, DRMRCI-70 and Pusa Bold for oil % are stable performers. The GGE biplot analysis and AMMI have commonly identified BAUM-09-12-1 and Pusa Bold as high yielding and most stable for seed yield per plant and oil % respectively. The results of AMMI identified ranchi as most ideal environment for selection of genotypes for both seed yield per plant and oil%, but GGE differs in-terms with Ranchi as ideal only for oil% and dumka for seed yield per plant. The availability of the above information of genetic variability and stability of genotypes for seed yield per plant and oil % can aid improving mustard production levels and self-sufficiency in edible oils.