Analysis of the dust cleaning performance of a branch-type nozzle

To solve the problem of uneven dust cleaning in filter cartridges, a simple and easy-to-install “branch-type” nozzle structure was designed to improve cleaning efficiency. In this study, numerical simulations, range analysis methods, orthogonal experimental design, back-blowing experiments, and powder cleaning experiments were conducted. By choosing the back-blowing uniformity as the evaluation index for cleaning performance, with the flow distribution coefficient A, length of branch pipe B, and outlet diameter of main pipe C as the factors, and ignoring the interaction between factors, an orthogonal experiment was designed to simulate the fluid flow field of nine different nozzle structures installed in the back-blowing model. The results were analyzed using range analysis methods, and the optimal nozzle structure parameter combination was determined to be A = 50%/40%/10%, B = 70 mm, and C = 18 mm. Based on the back-blowing experiment, the accuracy of the simulation results was verified, and the back-blowing uniformity was improved by 50.12%. In the powder cleaning experiment, a new method of measuring the mass of dust shaken off by a single pulse of cleaning to calculate the residual dust on the filter cartridge, rather than removing the filter cartridge and weighing it, was found to reduce experimental errors and make the conclusions more solid and convincing. The results showed that the “branch-type” nozzle increases the cleaning efficiency by 37.6% compared with no nozzle installed, proving that the “branch-type” nozzle can reduce the number of reverse cleaning required and extend the cleaning interval, thus optimizing the cleaning performance of the dust collector.