Heteropteran Bugs of the Order Hemiptera - A Review Article

Various diversity research papers &surveys on the order hemiptera-heteroptera from different regions have been reported by different researchers. This review article, considered more than 382 articles published from 1902 to 2024 (122 years) from which only 58 were selected for the analysis based on the current objectives. The plant bugs (hemiptera: Heteroptera) contains general and specific feeders on plants and on animals,some feeding on vertebrate blood has evolved at least three times. Many Heteropterans (especially infraorders pentatomidae) prefer the reproductive parts of plants, flowers, ovules, ovaries, ripening and ripened seeds. Other (Miridae and Tingidae: infraorder Cimicomorpha) damage nonreproductive parts of plant, causing the plant to mobilize nitrogen to make repairs. Heteropterans thus injure plants directly, by destroying or reducing the fecundity and fertility of reproductive structure desired also by humans or by forcing the plant into under taking energetically costly repairs. Heteropterans thrust their styles into plant tissue, between cells. Many Heteropterans are predaceous. Heteropterans causes various physiological and biochemical changes in the tissue of host plants. (Schaefer and Panizzi 2000)1. People around the world are using insects as food and for therapeutic purposes. Edible insects contain various metabolites. There are reports on the presence of various primary and secondary metabolites like steroids, triterpenoids, cardiac glycosides, anthraquinones, favonoids, tannins, alkaloids, amino acids and reducing sugars in methanolic extract of Henicuswhellani (crickets) and Macrotermesfacilger (termites).